Does Paying Off a Personal Loan Early Hurt Credit? | Capital One (2024)

November 16, 2023 |5 min read

    A personal loan is a type of installment loan where you borrow a sum of money and usually pay it back in equal amounts over a set period of time. It’s a closed-ended credit account—unlike a revolving credit account—meaning once the loan is paid in full, the account is closed.

    Personal loans typically come with a fixed interest rate and repayment term. But if you find yourself with extra cash before the repayment term is over, it could be tempting to pay off the loan early. Before you do, you might want to consider how paying off a personal loan early can affect your credit scores and overall financial situation.

    Key takeaways

    • In most cases, you can pay off a personal loan early. Your credit score might drop, but it will typically be minor and temporary.
    • Paying off an installment loan entirely can affect your credit score because of factors like your total debt, credit mix and payment history.
    • The benefits to paying off a personal loan include reducing your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio and saving on interest over the course of the loan.
    • Before deciding to pay off a personal loan early, it’s a good idea to check whether there’s a prepayment penalty.

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    Can you pay off a personal loan early?

    It could be possible to pay off your personal loan early—and the idea of saving money on interest doesn’t hurt.

    But first, it’s worth taking some time to make sure you won’t be charged a penalty for paying off your loan ahead of time. If that’s the case, you might want to consider whether your current surplus would be better spent on higher-interest debts or put toward your savings.

    There’s also your credit to consider.

    Does paying off a personal loan early hurt your credit scores?

    Yes, paying off a personal loan early could temporarily have a negative impact on your credit scores. But any dip in your credit scores will likely be temporary and minor. And it might be worth balancing that risk against the possible benefits of paying off your personal loan early.

    You might be wondering, “Isn’t paying off debt a good thing?” And generally, it is. But credit-scoring companies look at several factors when determining your scores. Things like your credit mix, payment history and total debt can be affected by paying off a personal loan.

    Benefits of paying off a personal loan early

    If paying off your personal loan early is part of your debt payoff strategy, here are a few potential advantages to consider:

    Reduce your debt-to-income ratio

    DTI ratio measures how much debt you have compared to your income. Lenders often use your DTI ratio to decide whether or not—and at what rate—you can manage monthly payments. And paying off a personal loan could improve your DTI ratio since it reduces your amount of debt.

    Save on interest

    When you borrow a personal loan, you agree to an annual percentage rate (APR), which is the price you pay to borrow money. Each loan payment you make will include an additional amount of interest on top. Typically, the rate varies based on your creditworthiness. The lower your credit scores, the higher your APR might be, which is more money out of your pocket.

    But say you pay off your loan one year early—that’s 12 payments, including interest, you won’t have to make. You might want to read the fine print of your loan terms for any prepayment fee and compare that to the interest you could save.

    Reasons why you might not pay off a personal loan early

    Paying down debt is generally a smart financial move. But there are certain situations when you might choose to continue making regular payments on a personal loan rather than pay it off early.

    If you have a low interest rate

    If you currently have a low interest rate on your personal loan, it could be worth first paying off other debts you may have. For example, if you have both a personal loan with a low interest rate and a credit card with a high interest rate, you may decide to put any extra money toward paying down the credit card debt.

    If paying down the loan would deplete an emergency fund

    Using cash to pay off a personal loan can reduce your overall monthly payment obligations. But you might reconsider if you’re using money from an emergency fund to pay down this debt. That’s because it’s a good idea to have cash readily available if an unexpected event were to occur.

    If your credit scores are going to be reviewed in the near future

    Paying off an installment loan entirely can result in a slight temporary dip in your credit scores. If you know your credit scores are going to be reviewed as part of an application for a mortgage or an auto loan, you might choose to postpone paying off a personal loan.

    If there’s a prepayment penalty

    Some lenders may charge a fee if you pay off your personal loan before the term ends. Called a prepayment penalty, it’s meant to protect the lender from losing revenue on interest.

    Before paying off a personal loan early, you might want to read the agreement or ask the lender about its prepayment terms. It could also be possible to pay off the loan early without a prepayment penalty if you pay it off within certain parameters. For example, a lender might allow you to pay up to a certain percentage of the total balance annually before charging a fee.

    Paying off a personal loan early in a nutshell

    Paying off a personal loan early can have advantages and disadvantages. Even though your credit score may take a slight hit, paying off a loan early can lower your DTI ratio and help you save on interest.

    Worried about your credit fluctuating when you pay off a personal loan early? Even if your score drops a few points, you could use other credit-building methods to repair or maintain a good credit score. Before paying off the loan, you can see how it might affect your credit score with the CreditWise Credit Score Simulator from Capital One. CreditWise from Capital One lets you monitor your credit health for free—without impacting your credit score.

    Whether you choose to pay off your personal loan early or put any extra cash toward something else is up to you. By understanding the pros and cons of an early payment, you can make informed decisions with your money.

    Does Paying Off a Personal Loan Early Hurt Credit? | Capital One (2024)

    FAQs

    Does Capital One penalize for early payoff? ›

    Are there any pre-payment penalties for paying off my loan? Capital One does not charge any prepayment fees. You may pay off either a portion of your loan or the entire amount at any time without incurring any fees or penalties.

    Will my credit score go down if I pay off a personal loan early? ›

    Yes, paying off a personal loan early could temporarily have a negative impact on your credit scores. But any dip in your credit scores will likely be temporary and minor. And it might be worth balancing that risk against the possible benefits of paying off your personal loan early.

    Is it worth paying off a personal loan early? ›

    Borrowers with high debt-to-income ratios will find that paying off personal loans early can reduce theirs, "possibly increasing their chances of being approved for another loan," he says. You can also expect emotional rewards.

    Why did my credit score drop 40 points after paying off debt? ›

    It's possible that you could see your credit scores drop after fulfilling your payment obligations on a loan or credit card debt. Paying off debt might lower your credit scores if removing the debt affects certain factors like your credit mix, the length of your credit history or your credit utilization ratio.

    Why does my credit score go down when I pay off a loan? ›

    You now have fewer types of credit accounts

    If you close an account that changes your credit mix, it could hurt your score. For example, if you only have credit cards and one personal loan and pay off your personal loan, you're down to a single type of credit.

    Does paying off a loan improve credit score? ›

    Paying off a loan might not immediately improve your credit score; in fact, your score could drop or stay the same. A score drop could happen if the loan you paid off was the only loan on your credit report. That limits your credit mix, which accounts for 10% of your FICO® Score .

    What happens if you pay off a loan too early? ›

    A prepayment penalty is a fee that some lenders charge when borrowers pay off all or part of a loan before the term of the loan agreement ends. Prepayment penalties discourage the borrower from paying off a loan ahead of schedule (which would otherwise cause the lender to earn less in interest income).

    What is the fastest way to pay off a personal loan early? ›

    You can pay off a personal loan faster by putting a lump sum of extra money toward the principal, paying extra each month, or making biweekly payments instead of monthly payments, among other strategies.

    Is it worth overpaying a personal loan? ›

    You can get out of debt faster and pay less in interest when you overpay on a personal loan. This can potentially improve your financial situation. However, it's important to balance paying off your personal loan faster with your other financial goals, such as building an emergency fund.

    How to get 800 credit score? ›

    Making on-time payments to creditors, keeping your credit utilization low, having a long credit history, maintaining a good mix of credit types, and occasionally applying for new credit lines are the factors that can get you into the 800 credit score club.

    How can I raise my credit score 200 points in 30 days? ›

    Try paying debts and maintaining your credit utilisation ratio of 30% or below. There are two ways through which you can pay off your debts, which are as follows: Start paying off older accounts from lowest to highest outstanding balances. Start paying off based on the highest to lowest rate of interest.

    How long does it take to rebuild credit after paying off debt? ›

    It can take weeks or even days for you to notice a change in your credit score. If you have recently paid off a debt, wait for at least 30 to 45 days to see your credit score go up. Will it be beneficial for my credit score if I pay off a debt? Your payment history will not be removed after you pay off a debt.

    How do I avoid early payoff penalty? ›

    They can also choose not to charge this fee on conventional loans, so it makes sense to take out a loan from a lender that doesn't impose the penalty. Another way to avoid prepayment penalties is by holding off on refinancing or selling your home until the prepayment penalty period — usually three years — has passed.

    Is it bad to pay off credit card early? ›

    Paying your credit card bill early is not intrinsically good or bad, but it can help you avoid negative habits such as high credit utilization and late payments. Paying your credit card early won't directly influence your credit score, but it can help in creating good financial habits down the line.

    Can Capital One release funds early? ›

    We're giving you the power to get paid early—up to 2 days sooner! Signing up for direct deposit so you can enjoy early paycheck with 360 Checking is easy. We even offer a pre-filled direct deposit form you can give to your payer. With early paycheck, you can get paid up to 2 days sooner.

    What is the penalty for paying off a loan early? ›

    Percentage of remaining loan balance: The lender will assign a small percentage, such as 2%, of the outstanding principal as a penalty fee if the payoff is made within the first 2 or 3 years of the loan term.

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